2011年(nian)，《關(guan)于發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)天然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)能源的(de)(de)指(zhi)導(dao)意(yi)見》（發(fa)改能源〔2011〕2196號）正式(shi)印發(fa)。以此為標志揭開了(le)我國天然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)能源發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)序幕。但歷(li)經十(shi)年(nian)，我國天然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)能源發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)依然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)舉步維艱，指(zhi)導(dao)意(yi)見提(ti)出的(de)(de)2020年(nian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)目標已完(wan)全落空。在跨(kua)入(ru)新的(de)(de)十(shi)年(nian)之(zhi)際，我們有(you)必要重新反思天然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)能源的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)問題。本(ben)文力求從管理部門(men)的(de)(de)角度，梳理天然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)能源發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)瓶(ping)頸，探(tan)討推動天然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)能源高質量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)可行(xing)道路。

天然氣分布式能(neng)源(yuan)的三個特(te)征

天(tian)然(ran)氣分布(bu)式(shi)能源作(zuo)為一個全新的領(ling)域，業內對其(qi)有著不同的理解。理解上(shang)的差異(yi)帶來了認識上(shang)的混(hun)亂(luan)(luan)，造成(cheng)了發(fa)展上(shang)的亂(luan)(luan)象。“守慎正名，偽詐自止(zhi)”。推(tui)進(jin)天(tian)然(ran)氣分布(bu)式(shi)能源發(fa)展，首(shou)要的是為天(tian)然(ran)氣分布(bu)式(shi)能源正名，否則“名不正，則言(yan)不順(shun)；言(yan)不順(shun)，則事不成(cheng)”。

目前(qian)，國內(nei)關于(yu)天然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的官方定(ding)義出(chu)自(zi)(zi)國家發(fa)展改革委等四(si)部委《關于(yu)發(fa)展天然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的指(zhi)導意見》（發(fa)改能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)〔2011〕2196號）。文件將(jiang)天然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)定(ding)義為利用(yong)(yong)天然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)為燃料，通(tong)過冷熱電(dian)三聯供(gong)(gong)等方式(shi)(shi)實現能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的梯級(ji)(ji)利用(yong)(yong)，綜合能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)(yong)效率在(zai)70%以上，并在(zai)負荷(he)中心就(jiu)近實現能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應的現代能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應方式(shi)(shi)。同時，國家發(fa)展改革委在(zai)《分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)發(fa)電(dian)管理暫(zan)行辦法》（發(fa)改能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)〔2013〕1381號）中對(dui)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)發(fa)電(dian)也做出(chu)了定(ding)義，即分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)發(fa)電(dian)是(shi)指(zhi)在(zai)用(yong)(yong)戶所在(zai)場(chang)地或附近建(jian)設安(an)裝、運行方式(shi)(shi)以用(yong)(yong)戶端自(zi)(zi)發(fa)自(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)為主、多余電(dian)量(liang)(liang)上網，且在(zai)配(pei)電(dian)網系統平(ping)衡調(diao)節(jie)為特(te)征的發(fa)電(dian)設施或有(you)電(dian)力輸出(chu)的能量(liang)(liang)綜合梯級(ji)(ji)利用(yong)(yong)多聯供(gong)(gong)設施。

結合上述兩個(ge)(ge)定義，我(wo)們可(ke)以總(zong)結天(tian)然氣分布式能(neng)源(yuan)的三個(ge)(ge)特(te)征(zheng)，即“配(pei)電網(wang)(wang)并網(wang)(wang)”“就近消納”“通過梯級利用(yong)實現較高的綜合能(neng)源(yuan)利用(yong)效率”。符合這三個(ge)(ge)特(te)征(zheng)的天(tian)然氣機組就可(ke)以界(jie)定為天(tian)然氣分布式能(neng)源(yuan)。

（一(yi)）配電(dian)(dian)網(wang)并(bing)網(wang)，也即發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組在110千(qian)伏(fu)以(yi)下配電(dian)(dian)網(wang)并(bing)網(wang)，而不(bu)是(shi)在220千(qian)伏(fu)以(yi)上輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)并(bing)網(wang)。從這個特(te)征出發(fa)，我們可(ke)以(yi)把并(bing)入輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)的天然氣機(ji)組排除在天然氣分布式之外。

天然氣分(fen)布式(shi)常見(jian)的(de)(de)并網(wang)(wang)電壓(ya)等(deng)級(ji)一(yi)般在35千(qian)伏(fu)以下。在某些大型工業園區或者大型工業企(qi)業，應當允許(xu)在110千(qian)伏(fu)電壓(ya)等(deng)級(ji)并網(wang)(wang)。配電網(wang)(wang)并網(wang)(wang)事實上也限制了分(fen)布式(shi)機組的(de)(de)較大發電能力。按照(zhao)DL/T 5729-2016《配電網(wang)(wang)規劃設計技術導(dao)則(ze)》規定，接入10千(qian)伏(fu)電網(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)電源(yuan)不(bu)(bu)超過0.6萬千(qian)瓦(wa)，接入110千(qian)伏(fu)電網(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)電源(yuan)不(bu)(bu)超過5萬千(qian)瓦(wa)。

（二）就近(jin)消納，也(ye)即電力(li)在(zai)機組并入(ru)的配(pei)電網供區內消納，而不應(ying)進入(ru)輸(shu)電網進行(xing)遠距離輸(shu)送。從這個(ge)特(te)征(zheng)出發，我們可以把雖然并入(ru)配(pei)電網，但電力(li)需要上(shang)送輸(shu)電網的天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)機組排除在(zai)天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式之外(wai)。

就(jiu)近消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)存(cun)在(zai)三(san)種(zhong)形(xing)式，一(yi)種(zhong)是全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)直接供(gong)應(ying)一(yi)個產業(ye)(ye)項(xiang)目；第二(er)種(zhong)是一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)直接供(gong)應(ying)產業(ye)(ye)項(xiang)目，另一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)通過配(pei)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)進行(xing)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)；第三(san)種(zhong)是全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)都(dou)在(zai)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)。實踐中有“并網(wang)不上網(wang)”“并網(wang)又上網(wang)”“區(qu)域型分(fen)布(bu)式機組”“隔墻售電(dian)(dian)”等各種(zhong)各樣的(de)表(biao)述，但就(jiu)近消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)的(de)為數不過特征就(jiu)是僅在(zai)單一(yi)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)供(gong)區(qu)內完成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)。

（三）通過梯(ti)(ti)級(ji)利(li)用(yong)實現較高的綜合能源利(li)用(yong)效率。從(cong)這(zhe)個特(te)征出發，我們可以(yi)把雖然(ran)并(bing)入配電網(wang)，電力也在配電網(wang)內消納，但不實施梯(ti)(ti)級(ji)利(li)用(yong)的天然(ran)氣機(ji)組排除在天然(ran)氣分(fen)布式(shi)之(zhi)外(wai)。

天然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式較高的(de)綜(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)效率(lv)來自(zi)于(yu)兩種途徑。其中(zhong)重要的(de)途徑是梯級利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。在(zai)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)冷熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)三(san)聯供方式下(xia)，按(an)照溫度對口、梯級用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)的(de)模式，天然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式首先可以(yi)(yi)獲(huo)得30%-40％發電(dian)(dian)效率(lv)，再(zai)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)發電(dian)(dian)后的(de)余(yu)熱(re)(re)來制熱(re)(re)、制冷，可以(yi)(yi)將(jiang)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)綜(zong)合(he)(he)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)效率(lv)提高至70%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，甚至80％以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，遠(yuan)超大型火電(dian)(dian)廠40%-50％的(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)效率(lv)。以(yi)(yi)上(shang)海(hai)迪士尼為例，其分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)5臺(tai)燃(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)內燃(ran)(ran)機(ji)(ji)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)和5臺(tai)煙氣(qi)(qi)熱(re)(re)水(shui)型溴化(hua)鋰吸收式冷熱(re)(re)水(shui)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)，發電(dian)(dian)效率(lv)可達45.4%，綜(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)可達85.9%。另一途徑是電(dian)(dian)網線損(sun)的(de)減少。由于(yu)天然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式位于(yu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶側(ce)，不需要建設大電(dian)(dian)網進(jin)行遠(yuan)距離輸電(dian)(dian)，避免了升降(jiang)壓和輸送導(dao)致的(de)能(neng)(neng)量損(sun)失。2018年國網綜(zong)合(he)(he)線損(sun)率(lv)高達6.47%，而(er)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式機(ji)(ji)組(zu)的(de)線損(sun)幾乎可以(yi)(yi)忽(hu)略(lve)不計(ji)。

實(shi)踐中，要(yao)注意區別天(tian)然氣(qi)分布式(shi)與(yu)天(tian)然氣(qi)熱(re)電(dian)聯產、天(tian)然氣(qi)自備機組(zu)的差別。

我們平(ping)常所說的天然氣熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)產，實質上指的是燃氣-蒸汽聯(lian)合(he)循環機組。這類機組強調(diao)“以熱定電(dian)(dian)(dian)”，以保障熱能供(gong)應(ying)為(wei)(wei)靠(kao)前要務；所發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)不(bu)要求在(zai)單(dan)(dan)一配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)供(gong)區(qu)內消(xiao)納，需(xu)要并入(ru)（或者上送）輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)進行(xing)全網(wang)消(xiao)納。而天然氣分(fen)布式強調(diao)“梯(ti)級利(li)用”，要綜合(he)考(kao)慮電(dian)(dian)(dian)、熱、冷的供(gong)應(ying)，以實現較高的綜合(he)能源(yuan)利(li)用效率為(wei)(wei)靠(kao)前要務；所發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)應(ying)在(zai)單(dan)(dan)一配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)供(gong)區(qu)內消(xiao)納。

天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)與天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自(zi)(zi)備(bei)機組也不是等同(tong)(tong)關系，兩者(zhe)沒有同(tong)(tong)一性(xing)。天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)是從并網形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、消納方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、技術指(zhi)標(biao)的角度(du)對天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)機組的劃(hua)分(fen)；天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自(zi)(zi)備(bei)機組是從產(chan)(chan)權屬性(xing)的角度(du)對天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)機組的劃(hua)分(fen)。天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)既可以(yi)由產(chan)(chan)業(ye)業(ye)主投(tou)資(zi)建設，也可以(yi)由非產(chan)(chan)業(ye)業(ye)主投(tou)資(zi)建設；既可以(yi)直接向(xiang)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)項(xiang)目供電，也可以(yi)向(xiang)區域供電。只有產(chan)(chan)業(ye)業(ye)主投(tou)資(zi)建設的為產(chan)(chan)業(ye)項(xiang)目服務的天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)機組才屬于自(zi)(zi)備(bei)機組。

發展天然氣分布式能源(yuan)的能源(yuan)整體觀(guan)意義

正名，不僅要(yao)正名實，也要(yao)正名分(fen)(fen)(fen)。我們不僅要(yao)講(jiang)明白什(shen)(shen)么(me)是天然(ran)氣分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)式(shi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，也要(yao)理解為什(shen)(shen)么(me)要(yao)發展天然(ran)氣分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)式(shi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)。管理部門應更多的(de)從(cong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)觀(guan)的(de)角度去認識和看待(dai)天然(ran)氣分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)式(shi)。所謂能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)觀(guan)，就是把能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)全(quan)行業、全(quan)品種、全(quan)鏈(lian)條看成統(tong)一(yi)的(de)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)，從(cong)全(quan)局角度觀(guan)察事物、考慮問題(ti)。

（一）天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)分布(bu)式(shi)在提升能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)全(quan)系(xi)統(tong)效率(lv)上具(ju)有明顯(xian)(xian)優勢。從(cong)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)整體觀出(chu)發，提高(gao)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)全(quan)系(xi)統(tong)效率(lv)始(shi)終是能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發展的(de)(de)核(he)心目標。這就要求(qiu)我們不能(neng)僅(jin)僅(jin)關(guan)注于某(mou)一環節(jie)(jie)、某(mou)一產業、某(mou)一類型機組的(de)(de)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)，更要在選用高(gao)效能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、降低系(xi)統(tong)損(sun)耗(hao)、優化(hua)系(xi)統(tong)結構上做文章。天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)分布(bu)式(shi)能(neng)夠(gou)綜合保障一定區(qu)域(yu)的(de)(de)常規用能(neng)，較大程度節(jie)(jie)省(sheng)一次能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)消耗(hao)，有效降低電力傳輸損(sun)耗(hao)，在提升能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)全(quan)系(xi)統(tong)效率(lv)上具(ju)有明顯(xian)(xian)優勢。

（二）天(tian)然氣分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)在能(neng)(neng)(neng)源系統(tong)自身優化(hua)迭代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)有特(te)殊作(zuo)用。從能(neng)(neng)(neng)源整體(ti)(ti)(ti)觀出發，能(neng)(neng)(neng)源系統(tong)作(zuo)為(wei)一個整體(ti)(ti)(ti)，始終處(chu)于(yu)發展(zhan)變化(hua)、優化(hua)迭代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)。我國(guo)當(dang)前(qian)的(de)電(dian)力(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系是(shi)一個以(yi)大機組、大電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)為(wei)主要(yao)特(te)征的(de)集中(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系。歷史(shi)的(de)看，集中(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)電(dian)力(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系確實有效(xiao)保障了電(dian)力(li)供(gong)應，為(wei)經濟社(she)會發展(zhan)做出了巨大貢獻。現實的(de)看，集中(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)電(dian)力(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系與經濟社(she)會發展(zhan)的(de)矛盾正趨于(yu)尖銳。主要(yao)表現在：一是(shi)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)復雜程度指數上升，調(diao)度運(yun)行越發困難，全網(wang)(wang)(wang)事故(gu)隱(yin)患如影隨形；二是(shi)在國(guo)土高度開(kai)發地區，特(te)別是(shi)東部省份，電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)建設(she)與其(qi)他建設(she)“搶(qiang)地”情(qing)況突出，電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)建設(she)日益困難；三是(shi)遠距離輸送、多級別降(jiang)壓(ya)，也使得電(dian)力(li)傳輸效(xiao)率(lv)降(jiang)低(di)，線損率(lv)難以(yi)控制。電(dian)力(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系由(you)過去的(de)集中(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)向集中(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)和(he)(he)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)并重轉型已(yi)勢在必行。天(tian)然氣分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)的(de)低(di)碳性(xing)、穩定性(xing)、成熟性(xing)，使其(qi)在構建分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)供(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)系統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)居于(yu)基(ji)礎和(he)(he)核心地位。離開(kai)了天(tian)然氣分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)，就(jiu)很(hen)難發展(zhan)起分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)供(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)系統(tong)。

（三）天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式在(zai)能源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)與(yu)外部環境(jing)互動中(zhong)具(ju)有(you)正面(mian)意義。從能源(yuan)(yuan)整(zheng)體(ti)觀出(chu)發，能源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)作(zuo)為一個整(zheng)體(ti)，始(shi)終(zhong)與(yu)外部環境(jing)進(jin)行著互動。實現良(liang)性(xing)互動，比(bi)如減少碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)，始(shi)終(zhong)是我(wo)們的目標(biao)。天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)作(zuo)為一種低碳(tan)火電(dian)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)，在(zai)替(ti)代燃(ran)煤發電(dian)層(ceng)面(mian)具(ju)有(you)明顯的減碳(tan)優(you)勢，對比(bi)新(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)發電(dian)又具(ju)有(you)成熟(shu)穩定(ding)的特點。在(zai)天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)中(zhong)，天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式相較(jiao)于天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大型機(ji)組(zu)(zu)又具(ju)有(you)更高的能源(yuan)(yuan)綜合利(li)用效(xiao)率。天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式能源(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)碳(tan)達(da)峰進(jin)程(cheng)中(zhong)，可以而(er)且應(ying)該發揮積極作(zuo)用，為推動能源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)與(yu)外部環境(jing)良(liang)性(xing)互動做出(chu)貢獻。

破解天然氣分布式能源發(fa)展的兩大瓶(ping)頸

理想很(hen)(hen)豐滿，現(xian)實很(hen)(hen)骨感(gan)。天然氣分布式要突破發展困境，需要解(jie)決好經濟(ji)性(xing)和(he)應用場景兩(liang)大問題。

（一）辯(bian)證分析天然(ran)氣分布式的經(jing)濟性

天然氣分布式(shi)要取得發展，必須(xu)具有(you)一定的經濟性。業界普(pu)遍認(ren)為，天然氣分布式(shi)基本上是虧(kui)損項目，不具有(you)投資價值(zhi)。對(dui)此(ci)，應當(dang)辯證(zheng)分析。

首先，同(tong)等條件下(xia)，天然(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)性(xing)(xing)要優于傳統的(de)(de)(de)天然(ran)氣(qi)熱(re)(re)電(dian)聯(lian)產。雖然(ran)天然(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)在單位造價上(shang)高(gao)于天然(ran)氣(qi)熱(re)(re)電(dian)聯(lian)產，但考慮(lv)到(dao)天然(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)配(pei)電(dian)成本(ben)接近于0，而天然(ran)氣(qi)熱(re)(re)電(dian)聯(lian)產的(de)(de)(de)輸配(pei)電(dian)價高(gao)達0.2303元(yuan)(yuan)/千(qian)瓦時(shi)（以浙江10千(qian)伏一般工商業(ye)為(wei)例），天然(ran)氣(qi)熱(re)(re)電(dian)聯(lian)產實際終(zhong)端電(dian)價遠高(gao)于天然(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)。天然(ran)氣(qi)熱(re)(re)電(dian)聯(lian)產的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，高(gao)度依賴于政策(ce)性(xing)(xing)補貼。以浙江為(wei)例，每年給予1200萬千(qian)瓦天然(ran)氣(qi)機(ji)組(zu)的(de)(de)(de)補貼高(gao)達67.5億元(yuan)(yuan)。天然(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)長(chang)期(qi)以來處于“草(cao)根”狀態，是其(qi)無法快速發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)重要因素。反之，在已經出臺補貼政策(ce)的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)海等地(di)，天然(ran)氣(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)已經取得了不(bu)錯的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。

其(qi)次，“草根”狀態的天(tian)然氣分布式(shi)，依然具(ju)(ju)有(you)一定的競爭(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)。以(yi)(yi)浙江10千伏(fu)一般(ban)工商業用戶為例，其(qi)銷售電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)為0.6656元/千瓦時(shi)(shi)(shi)（尖峰1.2064、高峰0.9014、低谷0.3784，尖高峰時(shi)(shi)(shi)段合計(ji)11小時(shi)(shi)(shi)）。可(ke)以(yi)(yi)看到，采用分時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)模(mo)式(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，天(tian)然氣分布式(shi)在(zai)尖高峰時(shi)(shi)(shi)段具(ju)(ju)有(you)完全的價(jia)格競爭(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)；采用電(dian)(dian)(dian)度電(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)模(mo)式(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，如能控制成本，依然具(ju)(ju)備價(jia)格競爭(zheng)(zheng)力(li)(li)。

再次，影響天(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式經濟性的(de)核心要素是(shi)天(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)價格水(shui)平(ping)。我(wo)國的(de)天(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)價格水(shui)平(ping)偏高(gao)，對天(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式的(de)生存發(fa)展造(zao)成(cheng)了很大(da)壓力。以浙江10千伏一(yi)般工商業用戶銷售電價為(wei)0.6656元/千瓦時計(ji)算，完全不考(kao)慮天(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)式固定成(cheng)本情況下，天(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)到(dao)廠價格的(de)極限在2.4元/方。而要將(jiang)天(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)到(dao)廠價格控(kong)制(zhi)在較(jiao)低水(shui)平(ping)，難度極大(da)。我(wo)國天(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)對外依存度高(gao)、國內(nei)開發(fa)成(cheng)本大(da)，導致氣(qi)(qi)源價格居高(gao)不下；多級配網架(jia)構(gou)導致的(de)層層加價和配網管(guan)輸價格偏高(gao)，進一(yi)步推高(gao)了管(guan)輸成(cheng)本。

（二）圍繞經濟性做出更大努(nu)力

1.從天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)價格入(ru)手(shou)，努力降(jiang)低天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分布式運(yun)行成(cheng)(cheng)本。降(jiang)低天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)價格的(de)希望在推(tui)進天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體制改革(ge)(ge)。目前，我國天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體制改革(ge)(ge)已(yi)經取(qu)得了一定進展，國家管網(wang)(wang)公司(si)已(yi)經完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)組建(jian)。期待天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體制改革(ge)(ge)在以下幾(ji)個方面繼(ji)續(xu)取(qu)得突破：一是研究建(jian)立天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)集中交易市場，鼓勵(li)支持包括天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分布式能源(yuan)在內的(de)大型用(yong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)直接(jie)向氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)采(cai)購；二是抓緊(jin)推(tui)進天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)配(pei)(pei)網(wang)(wang)扁平化(hua)改革(ge)(ge)，剝離現有配(pei)(pei)網(wang)(wang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)配(pei)(pei)網(wang)(wang)資產，實施區域性兼并(bing)重組，減少配(pei)(pei)網(wang)(wang)層級(ji)；三是抓緊(jin)推(tui)進輸(shu)配(pei)(pei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)價改革(ge)(ge)，從緊(jin)核定各級(ji)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)網(wang)(wang)輸(shu)配(pei)(pei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)價；四是加(jia)快(kuai)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)接(jie)收站(zhan)(zhan)、儲(chu)運(yun)站(zhan)(zhan)建(jian)設(she)，支持接(jie)收站(zhan)(zhan)、儲(chu)運(yun)站(zhan)(zhan)作(zuo)為(wei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)主體參(can)與市場交易，鼓勵(li)接(jie)收站(zhan)(zhan)、儲(chu)運(yun)站(zhan)(zhan)提供代(dai)(dai)卸、代(dai)(dai)儲(chu)業(ye)務。項(xiang)目業(ye)主也(ye)要把天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)采(cai)購作(zuo)為(wei)降(jiang)本增效的(de)核心(xin)，多渠道(dao)、市場化(hua)采(cai)購低價天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，與國內氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)建(jian)立長(chang)期合(he)作(zuo)關系，利用(yong)好(hao)海外LNG現貨交易。

2.從項目(mu)本(ben)身入手，較(jiao)大限(xian)度提(ti)(ti)升綜合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)效率(lv)和(he)發(fa)電效率(lv)。效益(yi)來自于效率(lv)，對天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)分布式這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)(he)供能(neng)(neng)系統更要(yao)強調綜合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)效率(lv)。同時，能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)(shi)具有(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量屬性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量是(shi)(shi)指將該(gai)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)轉換為其他(ta)形式能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)(neng)性(xing)，特(te)別是(shi)(shi)轉換為機(ji)(ji)械能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)(neng)性(xing)。作為第二次工業革(ge)命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成果，電力依然(ran)是(shi)(shi)目(mu)前具有(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形式。從物(wu)盡其用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度出發(fa)，寶(bao)貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要(yao)優先轉化(hua)為高品位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電力。多項研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)實踐也表(biao)明(ming)，發(fa)電效率(lv)直接關(guan)系機(ji)(ji)組的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟性(xing)。為了較(jiao)大限(xian)度提(ti)(ti)高綜合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)效率(lv)和(he)發(fa)電效率(lv)，必須從項目(mu)謀劃階段開始，就扎扎實實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開展研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)論證，找到合(he)(he)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系統配(pei)置和(he)運行方式。

3.從政(zheng)府(fu)引導出發，考慮(lv)給予天(tian)然氣分布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)適當的(de)政(zheng)策性(xing)(xing)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)。天(tian)然氣分布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)經濟性(xing)(xing)好于天(tian)然氣熱電聯(lian)產(chan)，也就意味著同樣的(de)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)，天(tian)然氣分布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)可以(yi)取得更好的(de)經濟效益(yi)和社會效益(yi)。從這一(yi)點出發，應當考慮(lv)給予天(tian)然氣分布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)策性(xing)(xing)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)。考慮(lv)到政(zheng)策性(xing)(xing)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)的(de)公(gong)共性(xing)(xing)和天(tian)然氣分布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)受益(yi)主體的(de)區域(yu)性(xing)(xing)，對區域(yu)性(xing)(xing)供電的(de)天(tian)然氣分布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)項(xiang)目可以(yi)按照供電量(liang)給予補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)，對服務(wu)單一(yi)產(chan)業項(xiang)目的(de)天(tian)然氣分布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)則不給予補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)，政(zheng)策性(xing)(xing)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)的(de)出資主體以(yi)天(tian)然氣分布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)在(zai)地方政(zheng)府(fu)為宜。

（三）具體(ti)分析天(tian)然氣分布式的應(ying)用場景(jing)

“ 誰(shui)是我(wo)們的(de)(de)敵人?誰(shui)是我(wo)們的(de)(de)朋(peng)友?這個問題是革(ge)命的(de)(de)首(shou)要問題”。在考慮天然(ran)氣分(fen)布式應(ying)用場景時，必須(xu)考慮市場主體的(de)(de)立場，找到發(fa)展的(de)(de)同盟軍，發(fa)現建設的(de)(de)突破口(kou)。

從產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)角(jiao)度看，天(tian)(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)在特(te)定產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)已(yi)經具有應用(yong)價值。天(tian)(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)的(de)高效特(te)點和低碳(tan)屬性，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)有效服務某(mou)(mou)些(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)；某(mou)(mou)些(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)基于自身需(xu)(xu)要和能(neng)源政策，也愿意在采用(yong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)上有所突(tu)破。比如(ru)，在微(wei)電(dian)網和電(dian)子(zi)、芯片等(deng)有電(dian)能(neng)質量要求的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)組(zu)建形(xing)成(cheng)微(wei)電(dian)網，替(ti)代第二(er)回輸(shu)電(dian)線路(lu)；在有供熱(re)需(xu)(xu)求、但(dan)受到煤炭(tan)消費(fei)制約(yue)的(de)醫藥(yao)化工等(deng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)替(ti)代燃煤熱(re)電(dian)供熱(re)；在能(neng)源消費(fei)總(zong)量不足、節(jie)能(neng)壓力大的(de)數據中(zhong)心(xin)等(deng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)，高效供能(neng)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)完美解決問題。這些(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)往往對用(yong)能(neng)成(cheng)本不敏感、對節(jie)能(neng)和可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性較敏感，天(tian)(tian)(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)完全可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)發揮作用(yong)。

從(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)角度(du)(du)看(kan)，增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)是天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)理想區(qu)域，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)區(qu)域內(nei)布(bu)(bu)局需(xu)謹慎(shen)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)對天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)態度(du)(du)主要(yao)取(qu)決于其(qi)經(jing)濟(ji)利益(yi)。由(you)于天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力直接(jie)在(zai)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)內(nei)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)(na)(na)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)無法賺取(qu)或者(zhe)只能(neng)(neng)少量(liang)(liang)賺取(qu)輸配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)收(shou)入影響很大。但增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)本身(shen)(shen)就是配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)就近消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)(na)(na)等同(tong)于增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)全網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)(na)(na)。天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)不僅有(you)助于提(ti)高增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)自身(shen)(shen)調節能(neng)(neng)力，有(you)利于系統安全穩(wen)定(ding)運行，增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)還能(neng)(neng)從(cong)就近消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)(na)(na)中(zhong)獲得一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價差(cha)收(shou)益(yi)。這決定(ding)了(le)，增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)將(jiang)(jiang)成(cheng)為天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)擁護(hu)者(zhe)。而國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)可(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)是天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)反(fan)對者(zhe)，天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)利益(yi)沖擊較大。國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曾提(ti)出分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應采取(qu)“全額(e)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”模式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，即(ji)由(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)按照(zhao)0.65元/千(qian)瓦(wa)時（浙(zhe)江天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)臨時上(shang)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價）收(shou)購(gou)全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)，再(zai)按銷售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價反(fan)售用(yong)戶。按此模式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將(jiang)(jiang)徹(che)底喪失(shi)其(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屬性，與(yu)普通機組毫無差(cha)別，宏觀(guan)上(shang)也抬高了(le)全網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)平均上(shang)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價，使全系統經(jing)濟(ji)性進一(yi)步(bu)降低。還需(xu)要(yao)注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是，由(you)于氣(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并不享受可(ke)再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源“保(bao)障性收(shou)購(gou)”待遇，國(guo)(guo)(guo)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)權拒絕調度(du)(du)和(he)收(shou)購(gou)天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)能(neng)(neng)源。“全額(e)上(shang)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”模式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)更可(ke)能(neng)(neng)成(cheng)為天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“坑”。在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)轄區(qu)內(nei)推進天(tian)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，依托產業(ye)(ye)(ye)項目建(jian)設(she)反(fan)而成(cheng)為靠前(qian)選擇，真正(zheng)實(shi)現(xian)就近消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)(na)(na)還有(you)賴(lai)于能(neng)(neng)源政策(ce)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力改(gai)革的(de)(de)(de)(de)進一(yi)步(bu)突破。

（四）圍繞應用場景做出(chu)更大努(nu)力

1.在(zai)國(guo)網覆蓋區(qu)域(yu)內選擇特定行(xing)業發展“并網不(bu)上(shang)網”形(xing)式(shi)的(de)(de)天然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣分布(bu)式(shi)。在(zai)醫藥化工、數據中心、電(dian)子(zi)制造(zao)、商業綜合體、機場樞紐等行(xing)業，天然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣分布(bu)式(shi)具有推廣(guang)價值(zhi)，其經(jing)濟性又(you)能得到保障。應當依托這些行(xing)業，盡快部署一(yi)批以服務單一(yi)產業項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)為主的(de)(de)天然(ran)(ran)(ran)氣分布(bu)式(shi)示(shi)范(fan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)，形(xing)成發展的(de)(de)良好氛圍。

2.在(zai)增(zeng)量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)區域內全面推進天然氣分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)發展(zhan)。在(zai)增(zeng)量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)內，因地(di)制宜建設天然氣分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)能源，實現就地(di)消納、隔墻售(shou)電(dian)。為了(le)激勵增(zeng)量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)支持天然氣分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)發展(zhan)，增(zeng)量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)可以33%以下股比(bi)參(can)股網(wang)(wang)內天然氣分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)建設。